PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN SPEAKING ENGLISH OF THE STUDENTS OF VOCATIONAL SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

The purpose of the research is to know the students’ psychological problems, and to know the efforts of the students to overcome their psychological problems. The research was conducted in SMKN 1 Lamongan at OTKP. The research is qualitative research. It used an observation and a semi-structured interview as a technique to collect the data. Based on the research, the researcher found that the students felt anxious, shy, fear of making mistakes and the students also got a lack of confidence when they were speaking in front of the class. The efforts to overcome their psychological problems were as follows. The students should have the self-confidence to speak, the student should master many vocabularies, and more practices speaking in English, the teacher should give motivation to the students and encourage a habit and accustom the students to use English.


INTRODUCTION
Speaking is a crucial part of second language learning and teaching (Kayi, 2006:1). When we talk about speaking, speaking has an important role in our life. Learning to speak is the most important component that students should fulfill when learning a second language because a good speaking skill is a measured by the ability to speak well in the language.
For Indonesian students, English as a second language is difficult to learn.
Students usually find difficulties in learning English, especially in speaking.
Speaking skill is one of the language skills that are very essential to support further oral communication especially in English, but it is the most difficult skill to develop (Munir, 2018:2).
The difficulty of EFL students in performing English speaking is probably caused by cognitive or psychological factors (Ariyanti, 2016:78). The psychological barrier also hinders the students to improve their speaking ability.
The psychological barriers will make them low interest and participation in the class.
The students usually feel shy and unconfident when speaking in front of their classmates. The students feel that they cannot speak well in English.
Moreover, the students' also afraid of being laughed by their friends when practicing speaking in the class.
According to Juhana (2012:101) explained that some psychological factors encountered by the students when speaking are as follows:

Fear of mistakes
Students' fear of making mistakes in speaking English has been a common issue especially in the EFL context like in Indonesia (Juhana, 2010:101). It is natural for any student during the process of learning to make mistakes (Madaci, 2018:14). Some students are afraid when the teacher will give negative evaluations on them.

Shyness
Shyness is an emotional thing that many students suffer from at some time when they are required to speak in English class (Juhana, 2010:101).

Anxiety
Some people are predictably and generally anxious about many things (Brown, 2000,151). Scovel (1978:134) in Brown (2000:151) added that anxiety is associated with feelings of uneasiness, frustration, self-doubt, apprehension, or worry. So, anxiety is one of the problems that can make the student feel uncomfortable when they are practice speaking performance in class.

Lack of confidence
Lack of confidence is one of the aspects that also influence students in speaking skill. Lacking of confidence is a psychological obstacle in foreign language learning (He, 2015:36

RESEARCH METHOD
This research is uses qualitative research. According to Ary (2010:424) said that qualitative inquirer deals with data that are in the form of words or pictures rather than numbers and statistics.
Qualitative research uses descriptive to explain the data in the research.
Qualitative is chosen by the researcher because it deals with the phenomenon of students' psychological problems when they are speaking in English.
In this study, the researcher

Speaking
Based on the research, when the students spoke in front of the class, they were found many problems. This was also supported by the result of observation and interview. The results are as follows:

Anxiety
The researcher found that the students were felt anxiety when they were speaking. Before the students presented the speak, the students looked worried, anxious, and discomfort. Their attitude when speaking was looking awkward. The students looked fear and afraid of being bullied by their friends. The students did not dare to look at their friends. The feeling of nervousness and anxiety of students influenced their speaking performance. This was supported by the interview with the student: The data interview from the teacher also said that the students also felt shy when practice speaking. The teacher explained that the students felt shy when speaking in front of the class because the students were shy to be seen by their friends.
[P]"then, the students feel shy when speaking in front of the class and being attention by their friends. (Interview, (05/03/20) Based on the data of the interview from the other student, the student thought that English is difficult and he cannot master it. It caused the student felt ashamed and shy if he did something wrong when performing his speech in front of his friends. The student thought that he will be laughed at by his friend.
[NC]"I feel shy when my friends are laughing at me."

Fear of making mistakes
From the observation, the researcher could see that the students were fear of making mistakes. When the students went forward. Their voice could be heard clearly by the researcher, but in some cases, they lowered their voices because they were not sure of what they were saying. They were afraid of making mistakes. They were also afraid of being laughed by their friends when making mistakes in speaking English. They prefered to lower their voice, so that, their mistakes were not known or heard by their friends. It because when the students making mistakes in speaking performance, their friends will laugh, bully, and shout at them.
So, when they were making E-Link Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020) p-ISSN: 2085-1383e-ISSN: 2621-4156 mistakes, the students will lower their voice to avoid being heard by their friends.
The student said that he was fear of making mistakes. The student said that he will felt shy when he was making mistakes. The student said that he had selfconfidence when he went forward, but if he made mistakes he will felt ashamed, shy and became unfocused. He said that their friends will laugh and he will be a joke for the other friends.

Lack of confidence
Self-confident is important to build speaking performance. But, one of the problems that students usually faced is lack of confidence that hinder the students to practice their speaking. The students' also unconfident to speak using English.
They were looking doubt and unconfident when speak. Some students had a good performance in English. But, they said that they were feeling unconfident when speaking in front of their classmates.
Based on the interview with the teacher, the researcher knows that the students have lack of confidence when speaking English in front of the class. This supported by the teacher statement: [NU] "many students feel unconfident" (Interview, 06/03/20) It is also supported by the interview that the researcher did with the student. According to the student statement, the cause of students' lack of confidence was came from the internal of the students. The student said that she was felt unconfident when speaking. The student said that she was felt unconfident because she was not fluent in speaking English.
[LNMS]"I am not confident miss, because I was not fluent in speaking English" (Interview,06/03/2020) Besides, the internal cause of the lack of confidence, the students also have the external cause of their lack of confidence. The cause was came from the environment of the students or from the criticism of her friends. The student has E-Link Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020) p-ISSN: 2085-1383; e-ISSN: 2621-4156 good performance in English. But, she was afraid of being judge or bully that she was an arrogant student when speak using English in the class.

The Efforts to overcome the Students' Psychological Problems in Speaking
To know about the efforts to overcome the psychological problems in speaking, the researcher conducted interview with English teachers.
According to the opinions of the teachers, these were the efforts to overcome the psychological problems faced by the students in speaking.

Increase self-confidence
Based on the interview with the teacher, the teacher said that speaking needs self-confidence. If the students are confident to speak, that can increase their speaking and decrease their problems. So, the teacher must embed self-confidence to the students. The teacher also added that students should not be afraid of made mistakes.
[P]"because speaking needs selfconfidence, so speaking in English is needed self-confidence. This should embed to the students" (Interview,05/03/20) This was related with Brown (2000:145) that no successful cognitive or affective activity can be carried out without some degree of self-esteem, selfconfidence, knowledge of yourself, and belief in your capabilities for that activity.

Mastering vocabulary
Another effort is the student should mastering much vocabulary. Many students were lack of vocabulary mastering. So, when the students have much vocabulary, the students will dare to speak in front of the class and it will decrease their problems. The students should memorize and master much vocabulary.
[NU]"first, the students should memorize or master much vocabulary" (Interview,06/03/20) This is in line with Swary (2014:51) explained that because of mastering English vocabulary was the E-Link Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020) p-ISSN: 2085-1383e-ISSN: 2621-4156 most important component, so to solve that problems, all of the students have to increase their vocabulary knowledge first.

Practice
Another effort is practice speaking English. The student should practice more to speak in English, both inside and outside the class and the school.
This was supported by the interview with the teacher.
[NU]"the students should practice more, both inside and outside the school." (interview,06/03/20) [P]" then, the students should practice more to speaking in English." (interview, 05/03/20) This is related with Swary (2014:50) said that language was a practice. Swary (2014:50) added that the students should practice their English not only in the class activity but also in the out of the class activity.

Giving motivation
The other effort is giving motivation. The teacher should appreciate and motivate the students when the students learned or tried to speak in English. Although, the students had many mistakes or not good enough, the students must be appreciated so that the student will enthusiasm in learning. The teacher can give appreciation and motivation to the students, so that can build students motivation in learning English and that can decrease their problems.
[P]"when the students speaking, although they have many mistakes or not good enough, the students must be appreciated so that the student will enthusiasm in learning." (Interview, 05/03/20)

Habitual
The other effort is habitual.
According to the teacher opinions, the teachers said that students should have the habitual in using English. The teachers added that the students also accustomed themselves to speak in English, either with the teachers or their friends.