Internalizing Islamic Moderation Values (Tawazun and Tasamuh) in Character Education: A Case Study of an Indonesian Elementary School
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30736/reforma.v16i1.1379Keywords:
Ahlussunnah wal Jamaah, Ethical development, Pedagogical content knowledge, Qualitative thematic analysis, Sociomoral reasoningAbstract
As global ideological polarization intensifies, integrating religious moderation into primary education has emerged as a critical imperative for cultivating harmonious pluralistic societies. While macro-institutional policies on moderate character formation are well-documented, empirical evidence detailing the micro-pedagogical actualization of these values within elementary classrooms remains critically scarce. This study investigates the operationalization of moderation principles through a qualitative case study approach, utilizing Thomas Lickona's tripartite moral framework. Triangulated data were collected from purposeful sampling of educators and grade VI students at an Indonesian madrasah, and subsequently processed through rigorous thematic analysis using NVivo software. The findings demonstrate a highly structured progression from cognitive instruction via historical reasoning, to affective cultivation through emotional validation, and finally behavioral habituation via collaborative peer interactions. However, the efficacy of this pedagogical architecture is occasionally compromised by socio-cognitive dissonance stemming from exclusionary domestic environments and a structural deficit in teachers' Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK). This study provides a replicable, micro-pedagogical blueprint for global character educators, asserting that sustainable moral development requires transitioning from abstract theological indoctrination to the creation of active, democratic classroom ecosystems supported by parental synergy.
Downloads
References
Ainissyifa, H., Nasrullah, Y. M., & ... (2024). Empowering educational autonomy to implement kurikulum merdeka in madrasah. Jurnal Pendidikan …. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/91f2/3e90f0b7fe02109512b789c1eda8aaf9f7f7.pdf
Ary, A., Siregar, M., & Mulyo, M. T. (2023). Internalization of Islamic Religious Character Values in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendas. https://www.academia.edu/download/109393643/3855.pdf
Aziz, S. (2025). Strengthening religious moderation in Islamic education learning in the digital era. Jurnal Al Burhan. https://jurnal.indaf.ac.id/index.php/jab/article/view/477
Benite, Z. B. D. (2020). The dao of Muhammad: a cultural history of Muslims in late imperial China. books.google.com. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en%5C&lr=%5C&id=ZgH8EAAAQBAJ%5C&oi=fnd%5C&pg=PP3%5C&dq=graduate+competence+graduate+employability+islamic+education+management+tracer+study+vocational+education%5C&ots=Ebxze6IOd3%5C&sig=eQVSjiWYVOmLy2dC2DS11WkCk-Y
Bogush, L. (2020). Socio-Cultural Identity of the Community: Background, Main Features. Journal of Anthropological and Archaeological Sciences, 2(1), 156–160. https://doi.org/10.32474/jaas.2020.02.000127
Chadidjah, S., Kusnayat, A., Ruswandi, U., & ... (2021). Implementasi Nilai-Nilai Moderasi Beragama Dalam Pembelajaran PAI. Al-Hasanah: Islamic …. https://www.academia.edu/download/76277652/23.pdf
Conacher, C. G., Naidoo-Blassoples, R. K., Rossouw, D., & ... (2022). A transcriptomic analysis of higher-order ecological interactions in a eukaryotic model microbial ecosystem. Msphere. https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00436-22
Daryanes, F., Darmadi, D., Fikri, K., Sayuti, I., Rusandi, M. A., & Situmorang, D. D. B. (2023). The development of articulate storyline interactive learning media based on case methods to train student’s problem-solving ability. Heliyon, 9(4), e15082. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15082
Dekker, S., Nap, L., Loerts, H., & Duarte, J. (2023). More than a few words? Examining translanguaging interactions and dialogic empathy in Frisian primary schools. Journal of Language and Discrimination, 7(2), 144–171. https://doi.org/10.1558/jld.26518
LESTARI, A. D. (2021). PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN POWER POINT INTERAKTIF PADA MATERI BANGUN DATAR KELAS IV SD/MI (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Islam Lamongan).
Susanti, I., Santoso, A., & Hamidah, I. (2023). Edukasi Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Pisang sebagai Adsorben Limbah Zat Warna. Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Nusantara, 4(2), 1292-1297.
Rosdiana, S. R., Habibbulloh, M., Susanti, I., & Aisyurrahman, D. F. (2022, September). Empirical and Theoretical Student Worksheet Development in Vector Resultant Analysis. In Proceeding International Conference on Environment Health, Socioeconomic and Technology (Vol. 1, pp. 33-40).
Sholeha, N. A., Muthmainah, N. G., Robyano, R. A., Sophia, H., Susanti, I., & Ramadhania, N. R. (2025). Variation of Polymer Matrix On the Quality of Bioplastic from Cassava Peel Waste from Tapai Industry in Bogor. Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia, 13(4), 809-828.
Rismayanti, R., Susanti, I., Wulandari, S. A., & Mahbubah, K. (2026). Keterampilan Argumentasi Ilmiah Siswa Melalui Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Berbasis Socio Scientific Issue dengan Metode Debate Class pada Materi Pemanasan Global. Jurnal Penelitian Sains dan Pendidikan (JPSP), 6(1), 16-26.
Nadhifah, A. (2024, September). Effect Of Differentiated Learning On Science Literacy Skills Of Junior High School Students. In International Conference on Learning Community (Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 605-612).
Wicaksono, R. R., Putri, M. S. A., Yanik, C. N. F., Hanif, M. M., & Jannah, M. (2025). PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN SANSEVIERA TRIFASCIATA LAURANTII DAN SANSEVIERA TRIFASCIATA TERHADAP AKTIVITAS PEROKOK YANG MENGURANGI KADAR COHb. Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Health, 10(1), 99-107.
Abdul Rohim, T., Velu Perumal, P., Salsabila, N., Gurendro, P., Aceng, R., Dina Keumala, S., ... & Lukman, H. (2025). Impact of xylene exposure on blood profiles and neurotoxic symptoms among printing workers in Surabaya. Journal of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research, 7(8), 1763-1773.
Rosdiana, S. R., Febriyanti, R., Mahbubah, K., Rahmawati, S., & Hamidah, I. (2024). Pelatihan penyelenggara diklat bagi komunitas kerja guru di Kabupaten Lamongan. Abdimas Siliwangi, 7(3), 629-638.
Fathurrahman, F., Muhyi, A., Arifin, B., & Huda, M. (2022). The influence of school management on the implementation of the" merdeka belajar" curriculum. Al-Tanzim: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 6(4), 1274-1286.
Novitasari, N., Febriyanti, R., Anjarsari, E., Prafianti, R. A., & Aishwaray, E. N. R. (2023). PENDEKATAN INKUIRI BERBASIS ETNOMATEMATIKA: ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF MATERI BANGUN DATAR. JPMI (Jurnal Pembelajaran Matematika Inovatif), 6(2), 483-496.
Sari, Y. I., & Anjarsari, E. (2023). Efektifitas Penggunaan Media Ular Tangga Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika. Tematik: Jurnal Konten Pendidikan Matematika, 1(1), 19-24.
Elvierayani, R. R., Hanifah, A. I., Sustyorini, E. N., & Fahruziah, N. (2024). Proses Berpikir Aljabar Mahasiswa Berdasarkan Representasional Gesture dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah. JIPM (Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Matematika), 13(1), 67-78.
Oktaviana, D. L., Siswono, T. Y. E., Prastiti, T. D., & Albab, M. U. (2025). Pengembangan modul berbasis masalah berbantuan software geogebra untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep dan hasil belajar geometri transformasi. JIPI (Jurnal Ilmiah Penelitian dan Pembelajaran Informatika), 10(3), 2650-2658.
Huda, S., Mawaddah, S., & Elvierayani, R. R. (2022). Design of an inquiry-based mathematical literacy learning model to encourage critical thinking. DIDAKTIKA: Jurnal Pemikiran Pendidikan, 28(2), 18-28.
Angga, R. U. D., & Rajagukguk, W. (2022). Differences in Students' Mathematical Communication Ability and Self-Efficacy Between Open Ended and Contextual Learning Approach. Journal of Education and Practice, 13(7), 19-25.
Al-Wafi, M. M. M. (2024). STRATEGI KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM MENARIK MINAT MASYARAKAT DI SDN TERGAMBANG BANCAR. Journal Educatione, 1(2).
Hanifah, A. I., & Elvierayani, R. R. (2024). Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Mahasiswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Aljabar Linier Ditinjau Dari Gaya Kognitif. Kadikma, 15(3), 82-90.
Rodliyah, I., & Anjarsari, E. (2025). Analisis Proses Berpikir Aljabar Mahasiswa pada Mata Kuliah Program Linear. Jurnal Axioma: Jurnal Matematika dan Pembelajaran, 10(2), 104-116.
Rosyidah, F., & Fathurrahman, F. (2025). Implementasi Supervisi Akademik dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam pada Guru SLB Negeri Lamongan. Autentik: Jurnal Pengembangan Pendidikan Dasar, 9(2), 361-371.
Sari, R. C. K., Febriyanti, R., & Ilmayasinta, N. (2025). Efektivitas Pendekatan Open-Ended terhadap Hasil Belajar pada Materi Kubus dan Balok. Buana Matematika: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika, 15(1), 9-22.
Mahbubah, K., Santoso, A., Prafianti, R. A., & Rahmawati, S. (2025). Penguatan Karakter Siswa Madrasah Tsanawiyah Melalui Pembelajaran Berbasis Integrasi Sains dan Islam. Prima Abdika: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 5(2), 335-344.
Fathurrahman, F., Amalia, N. S., & Albab, H. A. U. (2024, January). CURRICULUM INTEGRATION IMPLEMENTATION MODEL: INDEPENDENT CURRICULUM DINIYAH. In PROCEEDING OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON EDUCATION, SOCIETY AND HUMANITY (Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 62-69).
Wati, D. F., Ilmayasinta, N., & Prafianti, R. A. (2024, November). The Influence of A Cooperative Learning Model of Team Games Tournament (TGT) Type on Mathematic Critical Thinking Ability through A Scientific Approach to Statistical Materials. In Proceedings International Conference on Education Innovation and Social Science (pp. 52-58).
Hanifah, A. I., & Elvierayani, R. R. (2024). Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Mahasiswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Aljabar Linier Ditinjau Dari Gaya Kognitif. Kadikma, 15(3), 82-90.
Ambarwati, D. N., Febriyanti, R., Prafianti, R. A., & Novitasari, N. (2024, August). Exploring Students' Difficulties in Solving Mathematics Problems: High Order Thinking Problems. In The 2nd International Conference on Mathematics, its Applications, and Mathematics Education (ICMAME) 2024.
Wati, D. F., Ilmayasinta, N., & Prafianti, R. A. (2024, November). The Influence of A Cooperative Learning Model of Team Games Tournament (TGT) Type on Mathematic Critical Thinking Ability through A Scientific Approach to Statistical Materials. In Proceedings International Conference on Education Innovation and Social Science (pp. 52-58).
Elvierayani, R. R., Sa’dijah, C., Sukoriyanto, Rahardi, R., & Mustakim, S. S. (2025, March). Collaborative gestures of slow learner students in group discussions for solving mathematical problems. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 3142, No. 1, p. 020009). AIP Publishing LLC.
Amali, A., Albab, M. U., Febriyanti, R., & Novitasari. (2025, September). Curriculum paradigm: Analysis of the implementation merdeka curriculum in mathematics learning. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 3316, No. 1, p. 140015). AIP Publishing LLC.
Hendratmoko, A. F., Fauziah, A. N. M., Susiyawati, E., Astriani, D., Nurita, T., Martini, M., ... & Boey, A. (2026). Integrating ChatGPT-driven self-assessment and Debate Based on Inquiry Learning (DBOIL) to enhance students’ argumentation skills: Leveraging AI for quality science learning aligned with SDG 4. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 696, p. 02005). EDP Sciences.
Septaria, K., Asrori, M., Setyo, C. Y., Faridah, F., Anam, M. K., Sukardi, S., & Kholiq, A. (2025). Pemberdayaan Guru Ma'arif melalui Pemanfaatan Deep Learning Engagement Tools untuk Peningkatan Literasi Digital dan Pedagogis. Bhakti Nusantara: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 1(1), 25-39.
Fatharani, A., Madlazim, M., Anggaryani, M., Satriawan, M., & Septaria, K. (2026). Learning from Earthquakes: The Role of Socio-Scientific Issues in Developing Students’ Science Argumentation Skills. Prisma Sains : Jurnal Pengkajian Ilmu Dan Pembelajaran Matematika Dan IPA IKIP Mataram, 14(1), 123–143. https://doi.org/10.33394/j-ps.v14i1.16362
Sabtiawan, W. B., Sudibyo, E., Sari, D. A. P., Purnomo, A. R., Roqobih, F. D., Septaria, K., … Fauziah, I. N. (2025). Pelatihan Penerapan Asesmen dalam Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka untuk Guru-Guru IPA. Dedikasi: Journal of Community Engagement and Empowerment, 3(2), 42–53. https://doi.org/10.58706/dedikasi.v3n2.p42-53
Septaria, K., Fatharani, A., & Baihaqi, A. (2025). Are Scrapbooks Able to Increase Tsunami Disaster Literacy? An Analytical Study of Junior High School Students Materials. SEJ (Science Education Journal), 9(2), 115-133. https://doi.org/10.21070/sej.v9i2.1656
Septaria, K., Fatharani, A., Supardi, Z. A. I., Suyono, S., & Regita, M. A. (2025). Pengembangan Sikap Ilmiah Abad 21 Melalui Lembar Kerja Berbasis Teori Pembelajaran Sosial pada Materi Listrik Statis. Jurnal Penelitian Sains dan Pendidikan (JPSP), 5(1), 65-86. https://doi.org/10.23971/jpsp.v5i1.9758
Sho'idah, Y., Septaria, K., & Wulandari, S. A. (2025). Analysis of Student Scientific Communication Based on The Development and Use of Diorama Media Using The Guided Inquiry Model. Reforma: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 15(1), 24-47. https://doi.org/10.30736/reforma.v15i1.1207
Hendratmoko, A. F., Puspitarini, S., Budiyanto, M., Rahman, N., Septaria, K., & Marpuah, S. (2025). Think-Aloud Protocol as a Method for Exploring and Understanding the Argumentation Skills of Pre-Service Science Teachers. Prisma Sains: Jurnal Pengkajian Ilmu dan Pembelajaran Matematika dan IPA IKIP Mataram, 13(2), 268-282. https://doi.org/10.33394/j-ps.v13i2.15214
Septaria, K., Fatharani, A., Dewanti, B. A., & Najawa, W. C. (2024). Designing Pirposal-learning based Module integrated with Socio-Scientific Issue to Enhance Students’ Scientific Reasoning Skill. Indonesian Journal of Mathematics and Natural Science Education, 5(2), 122-134. https://doi.org/10.35719/mass.v5i2.162
Septaria, K., Nissak, K., & Wulandari, S. A. (2023). Student Identity and Guided Inquiry Learning in Junior High School Students: A Correlation Analysis. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(10), 8351-8358. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i10.4584
Septaria, K., Dewanti, B. A., & El Afidah, M. I. (2020). Development of module disaster mitigation based on STEM for secondary schools. JPPIPA (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA), 5(2), 61-68. https://doi.org/10.26740/jppipa.v5n2.p61-68
Septaria, K. (2019). Mengeksplorasi Argumentasi dan Pengetahuan Pendidik Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA) tentang Pemanasan Global. PEDAGOGIA: Jurnal Pendidikan, 8(2), 247-256. https://doi.org/10.21070/pedagogia.v8i2.2369
Septaria, K., & Fatharani, A. (2022). Analisis Penggunaan Software PlantNet Terhadap Pemerolehan Konsep Dan Keterampilan Prosedural Siswa. Indonesian Journal of Educational Science (IJES), 5(1), 73-83. https://doi.org/10.31605/ijes.v5i1.1604
Septaria, K., Dewanti, B. A., & Habibbulloh, M. (2019). Implementasi metode pembelajaran spot capturing pada materi pemanasan global untuk meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains. Prisma Sains: Jurnal Pengkajian Ilmu dan Pembelajaran Matematika dan IPA IKIP Mataram, 7(1), 27-37. https://doi.org/10.33394/j-ps.v0i0.1379
Septaria, K., & Fatharani, A. (2022). Manga versus webtoon: Alternative science learning module based on Dr Stone. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan IPA, 8(1), 11-22. https://doi.org/10.21831/jipi.v8i1.43389
Septaria, K., & Haque, E. H. (2022). Upaya Peningkatan Pengetahuan Masyarakat terhadap Covid-19 Menggunakan Media Poster. TAAWUN, 2(02), 115-124.
Septaria, K., Sholihin, M., Kholiq, A., Hayati, E., & Maulana, V. I. P. (2022). Peningkatan Kualitas Pendidik dan Pembelajaran Menuju Madrasah yang Ungggul dan Berkelanjutan. Jurnal Berdaya Mandiri, 4(2), 167-181. https://doi.org/10.31316/jbm.v4i2.1742
Fatharani, A., Madlazim, M., Anggaryani, M., Satriawan, M., & Septaria, K. (2026). Learning from Earthquakes: The Role of Socio-Scientific Issues in Developing Students’ Science Argumentation Skills. Prisma Sains: Jurnal Pengkajian Ilmu dan Pembelajaran Matematika dan IPA IKIP Mataram, 14(1), 123-143.
Septaria, K., Fatharani, A., & Baihaqi, A. (2025). Are Scrapbooks Able to Increase Tsunami Disaster Literacy? An Analytical Study of Junior High School Students Materials. SEJ (Science Education Journal), 9(2), 115-133.
Ulita, N., Kartanegara, A. T., Salsabila, J., & ... (2024). Empathy map gen z towards healthy food: A foodpreneur design strategy. Aptisi Transactions on …. https://att.aptisi.or.id/index.php/att/article/view/404
Umam, N. (2021). The Formation of Noble Morals in Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) in West Java. International Journal of Nusantara Islam. https://www.academia.edu/download/79780353/pdf.pdf
Wardi, M., Anggraini, K., & Jeniva, I. (2026). Religious moderation education in Islamic and Catholic schools: a systemetic literature review and bibliometric analysis. International Studies in Catholic …. https://doi.org/10.1080/19422539.2026.2663189
Warsah, I., & Istan, M. (2025). Islamic religious education learning approach based on religious moderation. Al-Hayat: Journal of Islamic Education. https://ejournal.alhayat.or.id/index.php/ajie/article/view/45
Yang, X., Zhang, M., Kong, L., Wang, Q., & Hong, J. C. (2020). The Effects of Scientific Self-efficacy and Cognitive Anxiety on Science Engagement with the “Question-Observation-Doing-Explanation” Model during School Disruption in COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 380–393. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-020-09877-x
Zaluchu, S. E., Widodo, P., & Kriswanto, A. (2025). Conceptual reconstruction of religious moderation in the Indonesian context based on previous research: Bibliometric analysis. Social Sciences &Humanities Open. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590291125002803
Zouari, M., & Shtudiner, Z. (2024). Cultural, social, and economic influences on academic field choice among Jewish and Muslim students. PloS One. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0315276
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 ulil Albab

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Penulis yang mempublikasikan naskahnya pada Jurnal ini menyetujui ketentuan berikut:
- Hak cipta pada setiap artikel adalah milik penulis, dan penulis mengakui bahwa Reforma : Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran berhak sebagai pihak yang mempublikasikan pertama kali dengan lisensi Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0).
- Lisensi ini mengizinkan setiap orang untuk:
- Berbagi — menyalin dan menyebarluaskan kembali materi ini dalam bentuk atau format apapun;
- Adaptasi — menggubah, mengubah, dan membuat turunan dari materi ini untuk kepentingan apapun, termasuk kepentingan komersial.
Berdasarkan ketentuan berikut:
- Atribusi —Mereka harus mencantumkan nama yang sesuai, mencantumkan tautan terhadap lisensi, dan menyatakan bahwa telah ada perubahan yang dilakukan. Mereka dapat melakukan hal ini dengan cara yang sesuai, namun tidak mengisyaratkan bahwa pemberi lisensi mendukung Mereka atau penggunaan Mereka.
- BerbagiSerupa — Apabila Mereka menggubah, mengubah, atau membuat turunan dari materi ini, Mereka harus menyebarluaskan kontribusi Mereka di bawah lisensi yang sama dengan materi asli.
- Tidak ada pembatasan tambahan — Mereka tidak dapat menggunakan ketentuan hukum atau sarana kontrol teknologi yang secara hukum membatasi orang lain untuk melakukan hal-hal yang diizinkan lisensi ini.
- Penulis dapat memasukan tulisan secara terpisah, mengatur distribusi non-ekskulif  dari naskah yang telah terbit di jurnal ini kedalam versi yang lain (misal: dikirim ke respository institusi penulis, publikasi kedalam buku, dll), dengan mengakui bahwa naskah telah terbit pertama kali pada Reforma : Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran





